https://annals.mobot.org/index.php/annals/issue/feed 2026-03-06T06:11:36+00:00 Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden annals@mobot.org Open Journal Systems <p>The <strong><em>Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden</em></strong> is an international journal primarily devoted to systematic botany and evolutionary biology. We encourage submissions of original papers dealing with significant advances in the taxonomy, phylogeny, biogeography, paleobiology, and evolution of plants, and in conservation genetics and biology, restoration ecology, and ethnobiology, using morphological and/or molecular characters, field observations, and/or database information. We also welcome reviews and papers on conceptual issues and new methodologies in systematics. Important floristic works will also be considered. Symposium proceedings discussing a broader range of topical biological subjects are also published.</p> https://annals.mobot.org/index.php/annals/article/view/1005 2026-03-06T06:11:36+00:00 José Floriano Barêa Pastore jfpastore@hotmail.com Agustina Martinez amartinez@comahue-conicet.gob.ar Raquel Negrão r.negrao@kew.org John Richard Abbott badiera@yahoo.com Felix Forest f.forest@kew.org William J. Baker w.baker@kew.org Catherine McGinnie catherine@mcginnie.plus.com Katherin Restrepo-Sulez katherinrs@live.co.uk Yinhuan Wang wangyinhuan@outlook.com Michelle Mota mcamota@outlook.com Olivier Maurin olivier.maurin@plantentuinmeise.be

<p>The <em>Chamaebuxus</em> alliance (Polygalaceae) comprises the Old World genera <em>Heterosamara</em> Kuntze, <em>Chamaebuxus</em> Tourn. (formerly known as <em>Polygaloides</em> Haller), and <em>Polygala</em> L. subg. <em>Chodatia</em> Paiva and represents the last unresolved lineage of <em>Polygala</em> s.l. that has not yet been comprehensively analyzed in a phylogenetic study. Based on phylogenetic and morphological evidence, we accommodate these taxa into four distinct genera: <em>Chamaebuxus</em>, <em>Chodatia</em> (Paiva) J. F. B. Pastore, comb. &amp; stat. nov. (elevated to genus rank), <em>Heterosamara</em>, and <em>Paivanthus</em> J. F. B. Pastore, gen. nov. Phylogenetic trees were inferred using target enrichment data with Angiosperms353 probes, complemented by data from the maternally inherited plastid loci and the biparentally inherited nrITS region. A strongly supported topological incongruence was observed between the plastid and nuclear datasets for the African genus <em>Paivanthus</em>, which was recovered as sister to <em>Chodatia</em> in plastid analyses, but as sister to the Asiatic genus <em>Heterosamara</em> in nuclear analyses. This incongruence suggests a likely hybrid origin for the African lineage formerly included in <em>Heterosamara</em>. Here, <em>Polygala</em> subg. <em>Chodatia</em> is raised to generic rank, encompassing the species formerly alternatively assigned to <em>Polygala</em> sect. <em>Arillus</em> S. K. Chen. Within <em>Chamaebuxus</em>, we recognize two sections: the Old World section <em>Chamaebuxus</em> and the North American monotypic section <em>Triclisperma</em> (Raf.) J. F. B. Pastore. Two genera are now recognized as having heteropolar pollen: <em>Heterosamara</em> s. str. and <em>Paivanthus</em>, which includes African species previously assigned to <em>Heterosamara</em>. The genus <em>Heterosamara</em> is further subdivided into five sections: section <em>Ecristata</em> J. F. B. Pastore (newly described), section <em>Heterosamara</em>, section <em>Saxicola</em> S. K. Chen, section <em>Spathulata</em> J. F. B. Pastore (newly described), and section <em>Villososperma</em> C. Y. Wu &amp; S. K. Chen. A taxonomic key is provided for the genera <em>Chamaebuxus, Chodatia, Heterosamara, Paivanthus,</em> and <em>Polygala</em>, along with their infrageneric taxa. Photographic plates, a distribution map, 15 new lectotypes, six second-step lectotypes, two new heterotypic synonyms, 41 new combinations, and nomenclatural notes are also presented.</p>

2026-03-06T06:09:14+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 Missouri Botanical Garden Press